For their groundbreaking work in the field of quantum information science, John F. Clauser, Alain Aspect, and Anton Zeilinger received the Physics Nobel Prize in 2022.
American theoretical and experimental physicist John Francis Clauser is renowned for his contributions to quantum mechanics' foundations.
Alain Aspect is well-known for his Bell's inequalities tests on pairs of entangled photons, which helped settle a dispute between Nils Bohr and Albert Einstein.
Zeilinger is a senior scientist at the Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information of the Austrian Academy of Sciences and a professor emeritus of physics at the University of Vienna.
Carolyn R. Bertozzi, Morten Meldal, and K. Barry Sharpless shared the 2022 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for their work on bioorthogonal chemistry and "click chemistry."
American chemist Carolyn Bertozzi is her name. Her expertise in chemistry contributes to advancements in COVID-19, tumor biology, and immunotherapy for cancer.
Chemist Morten Peter Meldal is from Denmark. At the University of Copenhagen in Copenhagen, Denmark, he teaches chemistry.
American chemist Karl Barry Sharpless is well-known for his work on clicks chemistry and stereoselective reactions. He is the only person to have won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry twice, making him the only one to do so in the same field.
Svante Pääbo received the 2022 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his discoveries regarding human evolution and the genomes of extinct hominins.
This year's Nobel Prize in Literature went to French author Annie Ernaux for her books that "fearlessly mine her experiences as a working-class woman to explore life in France since the 1940s." These books combined fiction and autobiography.
Civil society in their home countries is represented by the Peace Prize winners. They have long advocated for citizens' fundamental rights and the right to criticize power.